🎓 High School Graduation Introduction to Laws 2026 TP. Hồ Chí Minh NTTU University

Introduction to Laws: State, Legal Theory, Constitution, and Administrative Law

20 questions

45 min

Answer key

Exam info

Subject: Introduction to Laws
Exam type: University
Questions: 20
Duration: 45 min
Year: 2026
Answers: ✓ With explanations
School: Đại học Nguyễn Tất Thành

Questions (20)

Q 1.
According to the Marxist-Leninist theory, the state emerges as a result of which two fundamental causes?
- A.
  The appearance of supernatural authority and the expansion of the family
- B.
  The development of private property and the emergence of irreconcilable class contradictions
- C.
  The creation of written law and the establishment of specialized courts
- D.
  The division of labor and the replacement of clan councils
Q 2.
Which feature most clearly distinguishes the social contract theory from the mythology theory concerning the origin of the state?
- A.
  Both theories regard political obligations as arising from a contract.
- B.
  The social contract theory locates the state's foundation in society and recognizes popular sovereignty.
- C.
  The mythology theory regards the state as serving the general interests of society.
- D.
  The social contract theory explains the state entirely as an extension of patriarchal authority.
Q 3.
In primitive communal society, why were there no specialized state organs for coercing individuals?
- A.
  Because social relations were already governed by detailed written statutes.
- B.
  Because social power remained attached to the community and served its collective interests.
- C.
  Because the clan council lacked authority to make collective decisions.
- D.
  Because the community had already divided into antagonistic classes.
Q 4.
Which sequence best describes the three major divisions of labor identified in the formation of the state?
- A.
  Commerce separates from agriculture; handicraft separates from agriculture; animal husbandry separates from crop cultivation
- B.
  Animal husbandry separates from crop cultivation; handicraft separates from agriculture; commerce emerges
- C.
  Handicraft separates from commerce; agriculture separates from animal husbandry; commerce disappears
- D.
  Commerce emerges first; animal husbandry then separates from crop cultivation; handicraft disappears
Q 5.
According to the material, what is the most accurate definition of law?
- A.
  Any social custom that guides the behavior of community members
- B.
  A system of general, mandatory rules of conduct issued or recognized and guaranteed by the state
- C.
  A collection of moral principles maintained exclusively by religious organizations
- D.
  The decisions issued by courts in individual cases
Q 6.
What does the formal rigor of law require?
- A.
  Legal content must be expressed in identifiable forms and through defined procedures
- B.
  Every legal rule must apply to only one named individual
- C.
  Legal rules may be expressed in any manner as long as their substance is persuasive
- D.
  Only written legislative statutes can qualify as forms of law
Q 7.
Which situation illustrates state coercion in the sense used to distinguish law from other social norms?
- A.
  A family expels a member who seriously violates family ethics.
- B.
  A church imposes a religious penalty on a member for violating doctrine.
- C.
  A public authority uses an authorized enforcement measure to compel compliance with a legal obligation.
- D.
  A trade union disciplines a member under its own charter.
Q 8.
A legal rule applies repeatedly to all subjects in comparable circumstances. Which characteristic of law does this illustrate?
- A.
  Common normative and general obligatory character
- B.
  Class nature
- C.
  Formal rigor
- D.
  Social nature
Q 9.
Which statement best describes the relationship between the class nature and the social nature of law?
- A.
  The class nature exists independently of the state, while the social nature does not involve the state.
- B.
  Law primarily expresses the will of the ruling class but also serves social management and protects common interests.
- C.
  Law serves only the interests of the ruling class and has no broader social function.
- D.
  The social nature means that law no longer reflects the will of the ruling class.
Q 10.
Which set of subjects is governed by the Constitution of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam?
- A.
  Only disputes between private individuals
- B.
  Basic social relations concerning the state regime, citizens' legal status, and the organization of state apparatus
- C.
  Only criminal conduct and sentencing
- D.
  Routine contracts between businesses
Q 11.
Under the constitutional election regime described in the material, which pairing of ages is correct?
- A.
  Voting at 16 or older; candidacy at 18 or older
- B.
  Voting at 18 or older; candidacy at 21 or older
- C.
  Voting and candidacy both begin at 21
- D.
  Voting at 21 or older; candidacy at 18 or older
Q 12.
Which constitutional principle is illustrated when the National Assembly enacts laws, the Government implements them, and courts apply them?
- A.
  Unity of state power combined with division, coordination, and control
- B.
  Separation of the state from all social organizations
- C.
  Direct exercise of all state power exclusively by each voter
- D.
  Unrestricted judicial independence from all other state organs
Q 13.
The constitutional method of permission and choice is used when a legal norm grants a right to make a personal decision. Which example best fits this method?
- A.
  A requirement to perform military or defense duties when called
- B.
  A prohibition on restricting human rights outside legally necessary cases
- C.
  The right to follow or not follow a religion
- D.
  The right to vote
Q 14.
Which agency exercises judicial power and protects justice and citizens' rights in the state apparatus described in the material?
- A.
  People's Courts
- B.
  People's Procuracies
- C.
  Government ministries
- D.
  People's Councils
Q 15.
Which comparison accurately distinguishes a civil servant from a public employee under the definitions in the material?
- A.
  Civil servants are recruited under employment contracts, while public employees hold appointed ranks and titles.
- B.
  Civil servants are recruited and appointed to ranks, posts, or titles, while public employees work in public non-business units under working contracts.
- C.
  Both groups are elected to office for fixed terms and paid solely from private business profits.
- D.
  Civil servants may work without public duties, while public employees perform only managerial tasks.
Q 16.
Administrative law primarily regulates social relations arising from what activity?
- A.
  Judicial consideration of criminal evidence
- B.
  The legislative drafting of national laws by the National Assembly
- C.
  Executive and administrative management conducted by competent state bodies and authorized organizations
- D.
  Private family decisions concerning inheritance
Q 17.
The state may ensure implementation of law through organizational, material, and ideological means, while noncompliance may trigger specialized coercive measures. This primarily describes which characteristic of law?
- A.
  Formal rigor
- B.
  State coercion
- C.
  Social nature
- D.
  Historical character
Q 18.
The mythology theory explains the origin of the state as a divine creation.
- A.
  True
- B.
  False
Q 19.
The social contract theory regards the state as a product of supernatural forces.
- A.
  True
- B.
  False
Q 20.
A rule that applies generally and repeatedly but is expressed in an unclear form does not fully satisfy the characteristics of law described in the material.
- A.
  True
- B.
  False

Answers and explanations are in mode.